Repository: | Western Reserve Historical Society |
Creator: | Whittlesey, Charles |
Title: | Charles Whittlesey Papers |
Dates: | 1769-1889 |
Extent: | 7.25 linear feet (18 containers and 1 oversize folder) |
Abstract: | Charles Whittlesey (1808-1886) was a soldier, lawyer, geologist, and historian who resided in Cleveland, Ohio. The collection consists of correspondence, insurance and legal papers, financial papers, account books, diaries, memoranda, reports, invoices, orders, papers relating to his service as Colonel of the 20th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry; manuscript notes and writings on historic, scientific and religious topics, field notes and memoranda books from geological expeditions, and papers concerning his activities as agent for the Humboldt and Eagle River mining companies (1853-1859). |
MS Number | MS 3196 |
Location: | closed stacks |
Language: | The records are in English |
Colonel Charles Whittlesey (1808-1886) was an economic geologist whose financial success and longevity permitted him to devote large amounts of time and energy to diverse intellectual activities in such fields as geology, archaeology, and history. The considerable breadth of his scientific purview was exhibited at an early age. Born in Southington, Connecticut on October 4, 1808, he began school at the age of four, and moved with his parents to Tallmadge, Ohio, at age five. His father's extensive interests in coal mining undoubtedly helped to initiate the boy's lifelong interest in geology.
Family influence, as well as scholastic ability, successfully furthered Charles Whittlesey's education. His uncle, United States Congressman Elisha Whittlesey, stimulated his interest in history and, more importantly, secured for him an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, the leading school for training in the natural sciences. As a cadet, he met William W. Mather, who encouraged his interest in geology, while Whittlesey himself continued to study meteorology.
Following his graduation in 1831, Lieutenant Whittlesey served in the Black Hawk war and saw for the first time the Michigan and Wisconsin copper region which was subsequently to play an important role in his life. While stationed at Green Bay, Whittlesey turned his attention to a serious study of Great Lakes water levels. Eventually, Whittlesey grew impatient with his military career, besieged his uncle for aid in preferment, and resigned in 1832 to open a law office in Cleveland, Ohio. Throughout his life Whittlesey would harbor the belief that his talents were insufficiently recognized by others, an opinion substantially justified and periodically reinforced during his long career.
In 1837, Whittlesey was selected by his friend William W. Mather, state geologist for Ohio, to a "topographer" for the Geological Survey of Ohio.His field books during this period indicate that his widely ranging interests were already well established: geology, local history, archaeology, antiquities, topography, meteorology, geography, and Great Lakes limnology. When the Ohio state legislature prematurely ended the Ohio survey, much of Whittlesey's work remained unpublished. He shrewdly utilized the knowledge gained during the survey by investing in valuable coal lands in Jackson County and, later, in the rich Hocking Valley coal field. His archaeological surveys were continued with the help of Joseph Sullivant and were eventually incorporated in Squier and Davis' Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley. It must have seemed incredible to Whittlesey that E. G. Squier published a preliminary study without acknowledging his work. A sharp letter from Whittlesey quickly put things right, and Squier and Davis' important study contains a tribute to Whittlesey's efforts. Though extremely sensitive to criticism from others, Whittlesey himself was outspoken and uncompromising throughout his life whenever he believed that his work was not appreciated sufficiently.
Whittlesey joined the Miami Exporting Company in speculating in land around Cincinnati during the 1840s. This enterprise culminated in his agricultural survey of Hamilton County. Much of this remains unpublished, a fact that Whittlesey regretted for many years. Actually, despite the impressive quality and the staggering quantity of his scientific output, Whittlesey was rarely able to complete any of the large-scale projects, such as the archaeological survey of Ohio, that he envisioned as a young man.
From 1845 until the outbreak of the Civil War, Whittlesey was engaged in geological field work in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, both as a public servant and as a private individual. He began by working for a private company and explored the copper lands of Michigan. After government employment in a survey of the Upper Mississippi and Lake Superior region, Whittlesey served as agent for various private mining interests in the copper region of Lake Superior, notably at Eagle River, Wisconsin. Once again, his work on the Wisconsin survey remained partially unpublished because of governmental curtailments; but Whittlesey eventually published much of the data himself in various journals and reports.
Active field work in the wilds of the Lake Superior region did not preclude other intellectual pursuits. In the 1850s Whittlesey published a major work on aboriginal copper mining, significant studies in Pleistocene geology, work on Great Lakes water levels, translation of numerous French manuscripts relating to the early exploration of the old Northwest, and continued studies on the geology of Ohio. Nor did it preclude marriage to Mrs. Mary (Lyon) Morgan in 1858. Mrs. Whittlesey, to judge from correspondence in this collection, did not enjoy life in the Lake Superior district.
Whittlesey enlisted in the Union Army at the very outbreak of the civil War and served in West Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. He was in charge of constructing the defenses for Cincinnati at Covington, Kentucky; had a horse shot from under him at Scarey's Run, West Virginia; and was engaged in the battles of Fort Donelson and Shiloh. His resignation in 1862 appears to have been related to personal illness and the health of his wife, but he may also have been frustrated, as before, by his failure to advance within the service.
Beginning in march 1863 and continuing through the remainder of the Civil War, Whittlesey explored the mineral wealth of the Lake Superior region, particularly in Ashland County, Wisconsin. The results of his work are embodied in a series of reports to various mining companies that were brief and privately printed by himself. Whittlesey was never able to synthesize this material into a more complete report on the geology of the Wisconsin copper district.
Whittlesey returned to Cleveland in 1865, pursued his lifelong interest in history and, in 1867, published his history of Cleveland, a project originally begun in 1843. As a published historian, Whittlesey attracted considerable local recognition as an authority and had an active role in the formation of the Western Reserve Historical Society in 1867. Whittlesey was the Society's first president and retained that position until his death. His work for the Society can, in part, be traced in the list of Society Tracts written by him, though some of his most important achievements are not reflected therein, notably acquisition of the St. Clair papers by the State of Ohio and publication of the Margry papers.
In 1869 Whittlesey published his Contributions to the Geology of Ohio which coincided with the establishment of the Second Ohio Geological Survey and must have been at least an unconscious bid to head the survey for which he had lobbied. However, that office went to Whittlesey's chief rival, john S. Newberry, who had the grace to offer Whittlesey the next highest post, and offer that Whittlesey could not bring himself to accept. Instead, Whittlesey nursed a grudge, took considerable delight in criticizing the Newberry survey, and contributed to the demise of the survey in 1878.
During his last twenty years, while Whittlesey continued his interest in geology, particularly his lucrative coal lands in Perry County, he also devoted much time and effort to the study of archaeology and history. His description of the Cuyahoga Valley earthworks and his careful study of the spate of alleged Hebraic inscriptions from Ohio mounds, along with his efforts to organize the 1876 Ohio centennial exhibition, were his most outstanding archaeological achievements during the latter part of his life. His contributions to historical literature include numerous short Tracts on the War of 1812, reminiscences of his own Civil War experiences, and studies of the early French explorations of the Great Lakes region. Whittlesey also contributed to historical scholarship by using his political influence to persuade the Ohio legislature to purchase the privately owned St. Clair papers and to convince the United States Congress to aid in the publication of Pierre Margry's collection of French colonial documents.
In his last years, Whittlesey was preoccupied with religious and philosophical subjects. His last publication was a series of articles defending "theism" against Haeckel's materialistic "Dynamical Sociology." these were written while Whittlesey was bedridden with rheumatism and related disorders, a month before his death on October 17, 1886.
The Charles Whittlesey Papers, 1769-1889 and undated, consist of correspondence, insurance and legal papers, financial papers, account books, diaries, memoranda, reports, invoices, orders, papers relating to his service as Colonel of the 20th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry; manuscript notes and writings on historic, scientific and religious topics, field notes and memoranda books from geological expeditions, and papers concerning his activities as agent for the Humboldt and Eagle River mining companies (1853-1859).
The Charles Whittlesey Papers illustrate the life and achievements of this distinguished Ohio geologist and historian, son of Asaph and Vesta Whittlesey of Tallmadge, Ohio, and founder-member of the Western Reserve Historical Society in Cleveland, Ohio.
The major part of this collection consists of records covering the personal and professional life of Charles Whittlesey from the time of his resignation from the army in 1832 until his death in Cleveland in 1886. Early in this period he opened a law office in Cleveland, a phase represented here in the accumulation of notes, deeds, and other records relating to his clients' and his own dealings with the law. However, his greatest interest was in historical and scientific matters, and from 1837 to 1861 he was involved in a series of original surveys of the geology and mineral potential of Ohio, Wisconsin, and the Lake Superior and Upper Mississippi region, and in parts of Canada. In the course of this work he discovered and reported the rich mineral deposits in Northeast Ohio, and the vast iron and copper fields bordering Lake Superior. His work as a geologist is represented in these papers by notes, articles, reports, and memoranda. Of particular interest are his survey field and memoranda books. His role in the extraction of his mineral finds is documented in the records relating to the Humboldt and Eagle River Mining Companies, for which he acted as agent.
Throughout his life Whittlesey was greatly interested in antiquarian research, and became an expert on the history, topography, and archaeology of Ohio, and also the areas of his geological surveys. His subject research notes and also manuscripts to articles and longer works of both scholarly and popular interest are included in the collection.
Other materials include a file of Whittlesey's received correspondence, account, and memoranda books, scrapbooks, and financial records. Of particular interest are his Civil War correspondence and memorabilia.
While there are no access restrictions on this collection, researchers will be asked to use the microfilm of this collection.
Related MaterialThe researcher should also consult MS 2872 Charles Whittlesey Papers, Series II.
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog.
[Container ___, Folder ___ ] MS 3196 Charles Whittlesey Papers, Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland, Ohio
This collection was formed in 1962 by combining the majority of Whittlesey papers held at the Society, some 27 collections in all that were gifts of the estate of Charles Whittlesey.
Processed by Carole E. Fryer in 1962; reprocessed for microfilming by Michael McCormick in 1992.
A selected list of correspondents represented in this collection is available at the Reference Desk of the WRHS Research Library.
Series I: Whittlesey Family Letters and Papers 1769-1889 |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
1 | 1 | Funeral sermons and memorials of family members 1769-1889 | |||||||||
1 | 2 | Elisha Whittlesey, autobiographical and biographical sketches, notes, and memoranda 1783-1863 | |||||||||
1 | 3 | Letter copies and speeches, authored by Asaph, Eliphalet, Elisha, John, and Matthew Whittlesey 1806-1813 | |||||||||
1 | 4 | Bound volume of Asaph and Vesta Whittlesey correspondence (indexed by correspondent) 1806-1840 |
Series II: Personal Correspondence 1849-1885 |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
2 | 1-5 | Personal correspondence arranged alphabetically by correspondent name, Abbott through Wright 1849-1885 |
Series III: Military Papers 1861-1885 |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
2 | 6 | Cheat River operations, sketches and correspondence July-August 1861 | |||||||||
2 | 6 | Virginia operations, sketches, memoranda, and orders July-August 1861 | |||||||||
2 | 6 | Fort Donelson, sketches January-February 1862 | |||||||||
2 | 6 | Drafts of reports and proclamations to Kentuckians, memoranda of service November 1861-September 1862 | |||||||||
2 | 6 | Military passes July 1861-February 1863 | |||||||||
2 | 7 | "Military, 1861-62, Defenses of Cincinnati" 1861-1862 | |||||||||
2 | 7 | Kentucky operations, military correspondence August-December 1861 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
2a | 1 | "Military, 1861-62, Defenses of Cincinnati" 1861-1862 | |||||||||
2a | 1 | Kentucky operations, military correspondence January-October 1862 | |||||||||
2a | 2 | "Prisoners of war at Warsaw, Kentucky," obligations, affidavits, and correspondence (Whittlesey removed some documents to the second bound volume in Container 2c) June 1861-February 1862 | |||||||||
2a | 3-5 | List, "Prisoners - Fort Donelson," independent units, and state units from Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee February 1862 | |||||||||
2a | 6 | Invoices and requisitions for ordnance and ordnance stores 1861-1863 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
2b | 1 | "Military, 1861-62, letters and orders" (some documents removed to the first bound volume) January-December 1861 | |||||||||
2b | 2 | "Military, 1861-62, letters and orders" (some documents removed to first bound volume, Container 2c) January-April 1862 | |||||||||
2b | 3 | "Military . . . private, miscellaneous," including correspondence, resignation, application for brevet, reports on field positions or war conditions, and duties as Sanitary Commission agent April 1862-February 1885 | |||||||||
2b | 4 | "Military . . . private, miscellaneous," including notes concerning patents, Civil War history, and military organization October 1863-June 1881 | |||||||||
2b | 5 | "Military . . . private, miscellaneous," including newspaper clippings and blank military forms 1862-1883 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
2c | 1 | Correspondence and other papers concerning pension appeal 1884-1885 | |||||||||
2c | 2 | Bound volume, military scrapbook containing newspaper clippings, sketches, letters, orders, and notes 1861-1862 | |||||||||
2c | 3 | Bound volume, military journal and scrapbook containing newspaper clippings and arrest records and bonds of citizens in Gallatin, Owen, Boone, and Carroll counties, Kentucky 1861-1862 | |||||||||
2c | 4 | Bound volume, register of volunteer officers, Northern Ohio September 1866 | |||||||||
2c | 5 | Bound volume, autograph book, 20th Regiment, Ohio Volunteers April 1876 |
Series IV: Diary and Memoranda Books 1803-1886 |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
3 | 1 | Diary and memoranda books 1857-1858 1867-1868 1870 | |||||||||
3 | 2 | Diary and memoranda books 1871-1873 | |||||||||
3 | 3 | Diary and memoranda books 1874-1876 | |||||||||
3 | 4 | Diary and memoranda books 1877-1879 | |||||||||
3 | 5 | Diary and memoranda books 1808-1882 | |||||||||
3 | 6 | Diary and memoranda books 1884-1886 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
4 | 1 | Personal and family memoranda book containing newspaper clippings, notes, letters, pamphlets, legal papers, receipts, certificates, and broadsheets relating to the Whittlesey (includes index) 1803-1881 |
Series V: Account Books and Financial Papers 1831-1889 |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
4 | 2 | Account book 1841-1871 | |||||||||
4 | 3 | Account book 1870-1884 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
5 | 1 | Accounts, bills, and receipts 1831-1837 | |||||||||
5 | 2 | Accounts, bills, and receipts 1838-1846 | |||||||||
5 | 3 | Accounts, bills, and receipts 1872 1881-1887 | |||||||||
5 | 4 | Orders for payment in kind 1841-1842 | |||||||||
5 | 5 | Cancelled checks 1853-1871 | |||||||||
5 | 6 | Estate accounts for Mary and Charles Whittlesey 1888-1889 |
Series VI: Insurance, Business, and Legal Papers 1807-1886 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
6 | 1 | Insurance and legal papers, including Charles Whittlesey vs. Ohio Life Insurance (1840) 1838-1886 | |||||||||
6 | 2-7 | Legal and business papers, chronological file 1807-1846 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
7 | 1-6 | Legal and business papers, chronological file 1847-1863 undated |
Series VII: Historical, Topographical, and Antiquarian Papers 1810-1875 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
8 | 1 | "Manuscript books and index" containing notes, memoranda, and poetry 1831-1835 | |||||||||
8 | 2 | "Ancient Works, Surveys, and Plans" containing notes and sketches, mostly of Ohio sites 1838-1874 | |||||||||
8 | 3 | "Ancient Mines of Lake Superior and Antiquities of the West" containing notes, correspondence, and newspaper clippings 1842-1870 | |||||||||
8 | 4 | "Historical Cuyahoga County, outline, address, and memos" containing manuscript notes on early history of the county 1858-1860 | |||||||||
8 | 5 | "Historical Manuscripts" containing manuscript monographs on Native American, French, and American activities in Northeastern Ohio 1844-1850 | |||||||||
8 | 6 | "Memoranda and Scraps on American Antiquities" containing primarily newspaper clippings 1868-1874 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
9 | 1 | Papers and records relating to the history of Tallmadge, Ohio, including manuscript monographs by Asaph and Charles Whittlesey, the constitution of the Tallmadge Debating Society, and a subscription list for a Tallmadge cemetery 1810-1875 | |||||||||
9 | 2 | Manuscript monograph, "A General Review of the history of the territory North West of the Ohio River, Cincinnati, 1844, CW" 1844 | |||||||||
9 | 3 | Field notes, newspaper clippings, and correspondence relating to the agricultural survey of Hamilton County, Ohio 1844-1870 | |||||||||
9 | 4 | Notes, correspondence, and fairhand copies of manuscripts relating to Colonel John Bradstreet's expedition to Detroit in 1764 1868-1873 | |||||||||
9 | 5 | Notes and a manuscript monograph relating to Trajan's Column, Rome ca. 1870s | |||||||||
9 | 6-8 | "Aki Otchipwe, or the Country of the Chippewas" containing notes and newspaper clippings 1854 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
10 | 1 | Notes, papers, correspondence, and newspaper clippings relating to John Fitch (1743-1798), an inventor of the steam boat dates vary | |||||||||
10 | 1a-1b | "History of the Steam Boat of John Fitch, 1785-1790, Written by Himself, No. 1 and No. 2" undated | |||||||||
10 | 1c | "John Fitch's Account of Himself, 1790" containing a copy of the original undated | |||||||||
10 | 1d | "Outline Sketch of the Life of John Fitch, by Charles Whittlesey, 1844" 1844 |
Series VIII: Notes on Moral Subjects 1853-1875 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
10 | 2 | Notes and articles on topics of morality, including "Theism and Atheism in Science" and "Incidence of Millerism in Cleveland" 1853-1872 undated | |||||||||
10 | 3 | Bound volume of notes, newspaper clippings, and pamphlets relating to religious and moral subjects 1853-1875 |
Series IX: Geological and Mining Records 1796-1883 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
11 | 1 | Observations and transcriptions of magnetic variations through the central United States 1796-1851 | |||||||||
11 | 2 | "Memoranda of Elevations in the West - Astronomical Observations in Minnesota, 1848," and publications relating to geology and astronomy 1848 1859-1866 | |||||||||
11 | 3 | Notes, memoranda, correspondence, transcriptions, and newspaper clipping regarding the geology of Ohio 1838-1877 | |||||||||
11 | 4 | Manuscript monograph, "Sections in Different Parts of the Appalachian Coal Field - Dip of Coal Beds - Published in the Annals of Science, Cleveland, 1854" 1854 | |||||||||
11 | 5 | Notes on the topography of North America ca. 1870s | |||||||||
11 | 6 | Notes, memoranda, correspondence, and transcriptions on the geology of Northern Wisconsin-Lake Superior 1850-1863 | |||||||||
11 | 7 | Correspondence, notes, reports, and accounts relating to geology and mining in the Lake Superior basin 1846-1866 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
12 | 1 | Correspondence, notes, and printed land warrants, claims, proclamations, and regulations concerning land sales in the Lake Superior mineral regions 1847-1853 | |||||||||
12 | 2-2b | Accounts, articles of incorporation, due bills, invoices, promissory notes, proxy statements, receipts, and reports of the Humboldt and Eagle River Mining Companies 1852-1859 | |||||||||
12 | 3 | Maps, manuscript and printed, of the United States, the Great Lakes, the Ohio Valley, the states of Illinois and Missouri, and sections of Ohio and Wisconsin 1851-1883 undated | |||||||||
12 | 3a | Sketches, drawings, engravings, and photographs of antiquities, geological sites, and curiosities 1854-1860 | |||||||||
12 | 4 | Newspaper clippings, concerning economic development in the Lake Superior mining region 1850-1871 undated | |||||||||
Box | Volume | ||||||||||
13 | 1 | "Volume 2;" field book, 1838; memoranda, 1842-1844 1838-1844 | |||||||||
13 | 2 | "Volume 3;" filed book, 1838-1839; memoranda, 1840-1841 1838-1841 | |||||||||
13 | 3 | "Volume 5;" field notes, Tallmadge Coal Company Railway, 1839; memoranda, 1840; surveys, 1839-1843; "Historical and statistical minutes from Flint Charlevoix. . ."; and survey, Lawrence Company coal grove, 1844 1839-1844 | |||||||||
13 | 4 | "Volume 8;" field and survey boook 1846-1848 | |||||||||
13 | 5 | "Volume 11;" field notes and memoranda for the Bad River County and Green Bay Survey 1848-1849 | |||||||||
13 | 6 | Field book 1878-1879 | |||||||||
13 | 7 | Letters and expenses 1873-1879 | |||||||||
13 | 8-12 | Note book 1863-1878 | |||||||||
13 | 13 | Note book and daily record 1870-1873 | |||||||||
13 | 14-17 | Note and survey book 1856-1862 | |||||||||
Box | Folder | ||||||||||
14 | 1 | Notebook, "William A. Burt's Notes on the Geology of Michigan, 1847" (transcribed in 1860); survey book, Wisconsin survey, 1858 1847-1860 | |||||||||
14 | 2 | Notebooks, Wisconsin survey, analyses, and memoranda 1858 | |||||||||
14 | 3 | Notebooks, Wisconsin survey, analyses, abstracts, and memoranda, outline report, and specimens 1860 |
Series X: Inventory, Book Lists, and Indexes 1837-1882 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
14 | 4 | Container inventory to the Charles Whittlesey Papers undated | |||||||||
14 | 5 | Indexes to field and scrapbooks, and memoranda, two volumes 1837-1865 | |||||||||
14 | 6 | Index to field and scrapbooks, and memoranda 1837-1865 | |||||||||
14 | 6 | Catalog to the Whittlesey Papers in the Western Reserve Historical Society 1882 | |||||||||
14 | 7 | Index to the L. V. Bierce Scrapbook (the Bierce Scrapbook has not been identified as an item in the WRHS collections; this item was found in the WRHS Archives in 1979 and placed in this collection) 1874 | |||||||||
14 | 7 | List, "Papers for the W R. Hist. Soc." ( this item was found in the WRHS Archives in 1979 and placed in this collection) 1879 | |||||||||
14 | 8 | Shelf list, "List of historical works in the hist. room belonging to Charles Whittlesey" 1870 | |||||||||
14 | 8 | Shelf list, "Case No. 4 Scientific" 1874 |
Series XI: Minor Business and Professional Associations 1837-1886 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
15 | 1 | Subscription lists for Whittlesey's proposed book, Early History of Cleveland, Ohio 1866 | |||||||||
15 | 1 | Circular by Henry Howe, for the Historical Collections of Ohio 1846 | |||||||||
15 | 1 | Prospectus for the Western Agriculturalist undated | |||||||||
15 | 1 | Membership, Boston Society of Natural History 1851 | |||||||||
15 | 1 | Patent Caveat 1886 | |||||||||
15 | 2 | Cuyahoga County Historical Society, solicitation letter and advertising poster 1858 | |||||||||
15 | 2 | Cuyahoga County Pioneer Association, roster of officers 1860 | |||||||||
15 | 3 | Correspondence relating to Whittlesey's business interest in the Scoville Power Drill 1846 | |||||||||
15 | 4 | Cleveland Lake Shore Company, charter, minutes, contract, powers of attorney, reports, and field notes 1837-1846 |
Series XII: Miscellaneous Documents 1814-1886 undated |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
15 | 5 | Correspondence and reports on history and archaeology 1814-1886 undated |
Series XIII: Scrapbook 1858-1866 |
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Box | Folder | ||||||||||
16 | 1 | Scrapbook, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Annual Meetings 1858-1866 |
Series XIV: Oversize Material 1830-1831 undated |
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Folder | |||||||||||
1 | Oversize Folder 1: Diploma, United States Army Military Academy 1831 | ||||||||||
Folder | |||||||||||
1 | Oversize Folder 1: Military engineering examination drawings, West Point, New York 1830-1831 | ||||||||||
Folder | |||||||||||
1 | Oversize Folder 1: Architectural sketchbooks undated |