| Repository: | Western Reserve Historical Society |
| Creator: | Cadwell, Darius |
| Title: | Darius Cadwell Papers |
| Dates: | 1848-1902 |
| Extent: | 3.70 linear feet (8 containers) |
| Abstract: | Darius Cadwell (1821-1905) was an Ohio State legislator, provost marshal for Ohio's 18th, 19th, and 20th districts, and lawyer, of Cleveland, Ohio. The collection consists of correspondence, circular orders and letters, abstracts, receipts, and other papers, relating especially to Cadwell's activities as provost marshall. Includes information on the administration of military justice, the draft, recruitment, and the apprehension of deserters during the American Civil War, and correspondence with James D. Ray, a real estate businessman of Duluth, Minnesota. |
| MS Number | MS 3283 |
| Location: | closed stacks |
| Language: | The records are in English |
Darius Cadwell (1821-1905) was the second son of Roger Cadwell who emigrated in 1817 from Bloomfield, Hartford County, Connecticut, and settled in Andover, Ashtabula County, Ohio. Darius was born on April 13, 1821 in Andover, attended Allegheny College at Meadville, Pennsylvania, and in 1842 began the study of law with the firm of Wade and Ranney (Benjamin F. Wade and Rufus P. Ranney), at Jefferson, Ohio. Admitted to the bar in September 1844, he entered into a partnership with Rufus P. Ranney and Charles S. Simonds which lasted until 1851, when the firm changed to Simonds and Cadwell. This partnership continue until 1871.
Cadwell married Ann Eliza Watrous of Ashtabula, Ohio, on April 13, 1847.
Darius Cadwell held several minor elective offices and also served as a state representative in 1856 and 1857 and as a state senator in 1858 and 1859. During the American Civil War he served as the Provost Marshall for the 19th District of Ohio until 1865 when he took charge of the 18th, 19th, and 20th Districts. He was discharged on December 20, 1865. In 1871, he opened a law office in Cleveland, Ohio, at 83 Public Square. In 1873 he was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Cuyahoga County for a five year term.
Darius Cadwell died in Cleveland, Ohio, on November 26, 1905.
The Darius Cadwell Papers, 1848-1902 and undated, consist of correspondence, letter copy books, forms, circular orders and letters, abstracts, receipts, and other papers, relating especially to Cadwell's activities as provost marshal. Includes information on the administration of military justice, the draft, recruitment, and the apprehension of deserters during the Civil War, and correspondence with James D. Ray, a real estate businessman of Duluth, Minnesota. The collection also includes papers relating to particular legal cases, wills, deeds, mortgages, quit claim deeds, account books, bills, and cancelled checks.
This collection will be useful to researchers studying the history of the American Civil War, legal history in Ohio, and real estate issues in Duluth, Minnesota, during the nineteenth century. Of particular interest in this collection are the following: correspondence of Darius Cadwell with his brother James D. Ray who had opened a real estate office in Duluth, Minnesota, during the land boom, 1869-1873, which was occasioned by Jay Cooke's plan to use Duluth as the northern terminus of his railroad; material from the period 1863-1865 which relates to the position of the provost marshal in Ohio's 19th District, to the draft, substitutes, to the administration of military justice, and to the apprehension of deserters and criminals during the American Civil War; papers dealing with the case of Peter Neff vs. The Theological Seminary of Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio from 1884-1885; and two short documents relating to abolition and to "black codes" in Ohio. The material related to Cadwell's service in in the Union Army during the Civil War includes documents related to military discharges, draft quotas, enlistments, and induction physicals. There are deeds and contracts relating to land dealings in Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin.
None.
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog.
[Container ___, Folder ___ ] MS 3283 Darius Cadwell Papers, Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland, Ohio
Processed by Dennis I. Harrison in 1968.
A list of names of plaintiffs and defendants whose names appear in Series III: Legal Documents is available at the Reference Desk of the WRHS Research Library.
Series I: Correspondence 1848-1902 undated |
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| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | Correspondence relating to military discharges, substitutes, deserters, soldiers taken prisoner and paroled, the clarification of orders relating of draft quotas, enlistments, and induction physicals. Of special interest is a letter critical of President Polk, 1848; a threatening letter opposing the draft to O. P. Spaulding, 1863; and a letter from James D. Ray concerning conditions in Duluth, 1863 1848-1864 | |||||||||
| 1 | 2 | Correspondence relating to the administration of the draft, the return of deserters, and physical exemptions for drafted men. Of special interest is a request for procedures in the case of Negro troops, 1865, and communications relating to the search for John Wilkes Booth and his accomplices, 1865 1864-1865 | |||||||||
| 1 | 3 | Correspondence relating primarily to the administration of the Provost Marshal's office through 1866 and thereafter relating largely to land sales in the city of Duluth, Minnesota. Of special interest is a letter from Cadwell's wife, 1865; a letter relating to land in Wisconsin, 1866; a letter from Ben F. Wade regarding pressures on Wade to run for office, 1868; and a letter indicating Cadwell bought land in Duluth for the Wade family and for other people from Ohio, 1870 1865-1870 | |||||||||
| 1 | 4 | Correspondence concerning legal, business, and personal matters, mostly pertaining to Duluth, Minnesota 1871-1872 | |||||||||
| 1 | 5 | Correspondence concerning legal, business, and personal matters, with some material on Duluth, Minnesota 1873-1878 | |||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 2 | 1 | Correspondence concerning legal, business and personal matters with correspondence relating to Duluth, Minnesota and the Neff case. Of special interest are the letters from his wife and daughter, undated 1879-1902 undated | |||||||||
Series II: Provost Marshal's Office 1863-1866 |
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| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 2 | 2 | Circular orders from the Ohio Volunteer Recruiting Service 1865 | |||||||||
| 2 | 2 | Circular orders from the A. A. Provost Marshal General for Ohio 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 2 | 2 | Circular letters from the A. A. Provost Marshal General for Ohio 1865 | |||||||||
| 2 | 2 | Special orders 1865 | |||||||||
| 2 | 1-3 | Letter copy book 1863-1866 | |||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 3 | 1 | Clothing Blotter 1864-1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 1 | Quarterly Return of Clothing, Camp, and Garrison Equipage, Form 51 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 2 | Lists of clothing issued to individual soldiers 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 3 | Rations issued, Forms 30 and 25 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 4 | Abstracts of Requisitions 1864-1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 4 | Lists of bounties paid dates vary | |||||||||
| 3 | 4 | List of names and papers of a detachment of recruits 1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 4 | Miscellaneous clothing lists dates vary | |||||||||
| 3 | 4 | "Proceedings of a Board of Survey, convened at Cincinnati, Ohio, May 6th, 1865" 1865 | |||||||||
| 3 | 5 | Forms, arranged by type of form and placed in chronological order including forms relating to deserters, and to expenditures for goods and the disposal of goods used in the public service 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 4 | 1 | Forms relating to articles purchased and expended, and to expenditures for transportation and other services 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 4 | 2 | Forms relating to expenditures for food, lodging, and rations; forms and newspaper clippings relating to the draft; and affidavits relating to missing cloting, draft exemptions, and discharges 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 4 | 3 | Abstracts and receipts of garrison equipage; and invoices and receipts for checks, goods, and services rendered 1864-1865 | |||||||||
| 4 | 4 | Printed circular letters, circulars, general orders, opinions, and memoranda relating to the draft and originating at the office of the Provost Marshal in Washington, D. C., the Adjutant General's office, the Attorney General's office, the Solicitor's office, and the office of the Chief Mustering Officer, Department of Mississippi; receipt rolls for cutlery; covering orders for draft notices; and miscellaneous forms and documents 1863-1865 | |||||||||
| 4 | 5 | Envelopes and papers often annotated which were a part of the original filing system, and newspaper clippings related to the draft 1863-1865 | |||||||||
Series III: Legal Documents 1848-1885 undated |
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| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 5 | 1 | Briefs used by Cadwell in court dates vary | |||||||||
| 5 | 2 | Affidavits, correspondence, briefs, motions, and court opinions relating to the case of Peter Neff vs. The Theological Seminary 1879-1885 | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Legal documents, correspondence, lists, receipts, and miscellaneous papers relating to the estate of Frances Stewart, sister of Darius Cadwell dates vary | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Will of John B. Watrous 1862 | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Agreements and contracts 1872 1875 | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | "An Act to abolish imprisonment for Debt, and to punish fraudulent Debtors" undated | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Miscellaneous legal papers dates vary | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Certificate from William McKinley Jr., Governor of Ohio to Frank W. Caldwell [sic] . | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Minutes, meeting of the 4th District judges of the Court of Common Pleas March 1875 | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | An argument opposing slavery (incomplete) ca. 1848 | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | An anti-Negro Resolution July 29, 1858 | |||||||||
| 5 | 3 | Poetry, acrostics, accounts, licenses, calling cards, and passes dates vary undated | |||||||||
| 5 | 4 | Deeds, mortgages, quit-claims, indentures, and contracts relating to land in Ohio, Minnesota, and Wisconsin; a map of "Part of Duluth formerly called Portland;" and lists of properties owned in the Duluth area dates vary | |||||||||
| 5 | 5 | Speeches, without titles, which were given on patriotic occasions, funerals, and for the cause of temperance dates vary undated | |||||||||
Series IV: Financial Documents 1849-1902 undated |
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| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 6 | 1-5 | Receipts for goods, services, and money 1849-1902 undated | |||||||||
| Box | |||||||||||
| 7 | Account books (numbered 1-40) 1853 1856 1858-1859 1863-1865 1869-1901 | ||||||||||
| 7 | Account books 1853-1860 undated | ||||||||||
| 7 | Bank book 1871-1878 | ||||||||||
| 7 | Check book 1900-1901 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 8 | 1 | Cancelled checks from the E. B. Hale and Co. Bank and from the Everett, Weddell and Co. Bank 1875-1887 | |||||||||
| 8 | 2 | Cancelled checks from the Everett, Weddell and Co. Bank 1874-1886 | |||||||||
| 8 | 3 | Cancelled checks from the Everett, Weddell and Co. Bank 1872-1881 | |||||||||
| 8 | 4 | Cancelled checks from the Everett, Weddell and Co. Bank 1874-1884 | |||||||||