Finding aid for the Dudley J. Hard Photographs

Biography of Dudley J. Hard

Dudley Jackson Hard (1872-1950) was born in Wooster, Ohio, in 1872. He attended public school and college there, and was active in the Ohio National Guard. In 1894, Hard moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and continued his military career. His offices in private enterprise included: secretary-treasurer of the Cleveland Light and Power Company; director of the Ohio Chemical Manufacturing Company; director of the Cleveland Welfare Foundation; and a trustee of Wooster college. For several years, Hard owned the controlling interest in the Wooster Electric Company, a business that had been organized partly by his father, Curtis V. Hard.

Hard's military career followed a long family tradition. His grandfather, Abraham Hard, was a sergeant in the Sixth Vermont militia in 1792. Hard's father, Curtis V. Hard, served in the American Civil War and the Spanish American War.

Dudley Hard's military career began with his enlistment on June 30, 1888 in Company D of the Eighth Oho Volunteer Infantry, Ohio National Guard, based in Wooster, Ohio. Within that body he served as a corporal, sergeant, and as a first lieutenant in the Cuban campaign of the Spanish American War. With Hard's move to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1894, he enlisted in Troop A (also called First City Troop, Black Horse Troop, First Ohio Volunteer Cavalry), First Squadron of Cavalry, Ohio National Guard, on December 28, 1894. Hard held the ranks of corporal, second lieutenant, and first lieutenant from 1898-1915. On October 19, 1915, Hard was commissioned major of the First Squadron of Cavalry, Ohio National Guard. In that capacity he served in the Mexican Border campaign of 1916-1917. On May 4, 1917, he was commissioned colonel of the squadron.

Following the United States' entry into World War I, the Cavalry was transferred to Field Artillery and designated as such. The First Squadron of the Cavalry was assigned to duty with the Second Ohio Field Artillery, which was renamed the 135th Field Artillery. Colonel Hard commanded this unit from August 4, 1917 to April 11, 1919. He later served as brigadier general of the 54th Cavalry Brigade and Chief of Staff of the 37th Division before his retirement from military life in 1936.

The 135th Field Artillery was part of the 62nd Field Artillery Brigade of the 37th Division of the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I. the 135th Field Artillery was quartered at Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Alabama, for training until late June 1918, when they sailed for England.

In France, the 135th Field Artillery regiment supported, at various times, the 92nd, the 33rd, the 28th, and the 5th Divisions of the American Army. They belonged to the Second Colonial Corps and the 17th Corps of the French Army. Also, they were assigned at one time or another to the First, Second, and Third American Armies. They stayed in France until march 12, 1919, when they sailed from Brest on the battleship Vermont, and arrived at Newport News, Virginia, on March 24, 1919.

The 135th Field Artillery reverted to is Cavalry designation after World War I. In 1920, the unit was reorganized and called Troop A, 107th Cavalry. Later, Troops A and B were combined to form the First Squadron of the 107th Cavalry Regiment, 54th Cavalry Brigade, 37th Division of the United States.

Scope and Content

The Dudley J. Hard Photographs, 1898-1931, consist of portraits of Colonel Dudley J. Hard and views of Troop A, the 8th Ohio Cavalry, the 107th Cavalry, and the 135th Field Artillery Regiment at various camps and during the Spanish American War, World War I, Mexican border duty, and in the 1920s and 1930s. Also included are views of President William McKinley's funeral in Canton, Ohio, 1901, and unidentified strikers, ca. 1920.

This collection will be useful to researchers studying the history of the United States military, particularly in the Spanish American War, World War I, and Mexican border duty. It will also be useful to labor historians.

Statement of Arrangement

Restrictions on Access

None.

The researcher should also consult MS 3138 Dudley J. Hard Papers; and PG 152 Troop A, First Cleveland Cavalry Photographs.

Indexing Terms

The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog.

Subjects:

Preferred Citation

[Container ___, Folder ___ ] PG 245 Dudley J. Hard Photographs, Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland, Ohio

Acquisition Information

These photographs were removed from MS 3138 Dudley J. Hard Papers. Gift of Lyle Thoburn in 1958.

Detailed Description of The Collection